Question 12GS1UNKNOWN

Examine the intended and unintended consequences of British educational policies for the Indian society in the colonial period. (Answer in 250 words)

Introduction

British educational policies started with Charter Act, 1813 promissing £100,000 to be spend on education in India

17 words

Main Body

Evolution of policies: (i) Focus on English education (ii) Based on modern ideas → teach natural sciences, history ideas like schooling (iii) To curb on trickle down effect (iv) Oriental Evangelist → focus on English but Woods dispatch focused on vernacular at grassroot level (v) Various Commission (eg Hunter Commission) → focus on technical education (vi) Engineering college at Roorkee

Intended Consequences: (i) Creation of class of Indians → Indian in colour, British in blood (ii) Source of demand → got British industrial goods (iii) British needed employable clerks, who could aid in plunder down of wealth (iv) Mask for benevolent nature of Colonialism (v) Pitch for divide and rule → English educated elites → eschewed violence in (1857 revolt) (vi) Development of new class → engineers, bankers → And in 3rd phase of economic exploitation ie investment in India (eg Engineer for Railway, Canals)

Unintended Consequences → larger and long term impact: (vii) Evaluation of true nature of British rule (eg Drain of Wealth by Dadabhai Naoroji) (viii) But British at same standards as them (eg Use of values like rationalism, quality to evaluate British rule (eg Robert Bell Regulation) (ix) Birth of Socio-religious reform Movements (eg Ram Mohan Roy - Sati (1829) abolished) (x) Foundation laid for modern nationalism (eg Political education through propaganda) (xi) Various associations to raise grievance (eg INC, 1885) Indian Patriot Association (xii) Colcated exposure of Indians → migration in world & saw disparity → raised demand of Indian nationalism (eg Berlin → Vrenderpaith Chattapodhyay) (xiii) Moderate phase of Nationalism (eg Pherozshah Mehta, Tyabji) (xiv) Development of Indian press

Continuation of unintended consequences with emphasis on nationalist and reform movements, Indian press development, and ultimate contradiction of British educational aims.

— Akansh Dhull · AIR 3

286 words2 paragraphs

Conclusion

Capitalist education is the foundation of reform. While initially English education did help British expectation, eventually, it became the biggest force against it

23 words

Diagram

Chart showing Macaulay's Minute, Oriental Evangelist Controversy, Woods Despatch, Various Commission branches from Charter Act, 1813

chronological progression
mentions multiple policy phases
references specific institutions
discusses focus areas

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Akansh Dhull

AIR 3

Subject & Paper

GS1UNKNOWN

Topic

Modern Indian History

British Educational Policies

Evolution of Educational Policies during Colonial Period

Writing Stats

326

Total words

Paragraphs

analytical-structural

Tone

Linked PYQ

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50M2013प्रतिपाद्यताम्