प्रमुख पश्चिमी देशों के साथ गहराते राजनीतिक विभाजन का वैश्विक शासन और अंतर्राष्ट्रीय सहयोग पर असर तथा भारत को इन मुद्दों को अपने राष्ट्रीय हितों को आगे बढ़ाने के लिए कैसे निभाना चाहिए? (150 शब्द, 10 अंक) | Evaluate the impact of the deepening political divisions with the major Western States on global governance and international cooperation. How should India navigate these divisions to advance its national interests on the global stage? (10 marks, 150 words)

Deepening of political division of India with major western states can be seen as: i) Relations with Canada caused after the killings of a separatist leader ii) No consensus on carbon body Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) with EU and UK. iii) Khalistani movements supported in gaol of freedom of speech in U.K., Canada, Australia. iv) support to Chinese BRI by EU countries. v) Inaction key western powers in geopolitical conflicts vi) Efforts by institutions situated in western states — undermining Indian democracy and false narratives.

Impact of these political divisions: i) Conflicts with the western state — Termination/downgrading of diplomatic relation ii) lack of consensus on important issues such as climate change — coal phase-out, funding loss and damage, CBDR principles. iii) failure of global governance institutions such as WHO, UNSC to progress peace. iv) Cooperation to counter hegemony of China in South China Sea. v) Actions on terrorism and organised crime not taken vi) No cooperation on regulating digital assets. India to navigate these divisions through: → maintaining strategic autonomy → forwarding democratic values → cooperation and conciliation on issues → dialogue and diplomacy.

— Aditya Agarwal