Question 13GS1GS1
How did the social reform and ideological struggle against the backward traditional elements and hegemony of colonial culture in the nineteenth century influence the emergence of a distinct cultural identity and national consciousness?
Introduction
Due to partial modernization undertaken by British there was a wave of consciousness and movements in 19th century.
18 words
Main Body
Struggle against backward element:
1Raya Ram Mohan Roy (1772-1833) - crusader against 'Sati' - passages of Sati Abolition Act 1829 - Consciousness through Press via Mirat-ul-Akbar - Sambad Kumudini - Established Brahmo Samaj - monotheism - against child marriage.
Associated with 25 women juddi. Used to spend own money for girl education. He married his son to a widow. Works like "BalyaBroh" against child marriage. All caste allowed in Sanskrit college where he taught western thoughts also in Sanskrit.
3Henery Vivian Derozio - promoted nationalism in youth
4Jyotiba Phule & Savithibai Phule - Against caste long caste ness - Satyasodha Samaj (1855)
5SNDD Vegam & Arjuppwram movement by Sri Narayana Iyer and Periyar.
[Struggle against plantculture]
1TDISK through Marathi (English) and keshavi (marathi) spread consciousness
2Gopal Krishan - Sevak society and work life 'Sudharak'
3Use of shiraf festival & Gramadari - to promote nationalism by TPAK
4Akali Dal movement (for SGPC) - against colonial teaching
5many works of nationalist tried to shed off the colonial mentality. "Poverty & Unbakkhi Rule of India" by Dadabhai Naorozi talked about wealth Drain theory.
61857 Revolt was a created huge impact. Hence 19th century laws erstwhile confronting which later got transformed into more organised movements like Swadeshi, non cooperation etc in 20th century.
— Anjali Thakur · AIR 43
219 words9 paragraphs
Conclusion
Hence 19th century laws erstwhile confronting which later got transformed into more organised movements like Swadeshi, non cooperation etc in 20th century.
22 words
- Clear identification of key reformer
- Mentions specific act with date
- Links reform to consciousness building
- Addresses both social and cultural dimensions
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Topper
Anjali Thakur
AIR 432023
Subject & Paper
GS1GS1
Topic
Modern Indian History
Social reform and cultural identity
19th century social reform movements and national consciousness
Writing Stats
259
Total words
9
Paragraphs
analytical-historical
Tone