The flourishing of various art forms during the Kushana period reflects the rich and diverse cultural landscape of the time. What insights does this provide into the socio-cultural aspects of that era? (15 marks, 250 words)

Various flourishing art forms: (i) Gandhara style Buddha Sculpture

(ii) Vaksara - Yakshini culture

(iii) Divine- king type cairns in [illegible] (iv) Stupas in Kushana period

Unique provided in context of socio-cultural affair:

(i) assimilation of cultures:- Influence of Greek, Roman and central Asian cultures on Art forms

(ii) Use of Blue-grey script in Gandhara Buddha.

(ii) Theory of Divine Rights:- Came inted by Kushana included God like Vashdev on one side and king on another

(iii) Religious tolerance:- Inclusivity of buddhist along with adoption of Hindu Gods permeated the religious [illegible]

(iv) Adaptation of Indian cultures:- Sable-breast model adopted by Kushana sharing integration with Indian values

(v) Lattice of Artistic Affinity and Boldness:- Gandhara Buddha reflecting extension of sculptures in Kushana period.

(vi) Religious Dominance:- The dominance of religion on statecraft as well as [illegible] visible as Kanishka adopted divine titles.

(vii) Indigenous statues:- learning from Maurya school of art retaining indigenous features in Sculptures.

— Dev Dudeja · AIR 152