Question 17ExplainGS2GS1

Explain the socio-economic transformations resulting from women's migration to metropolitan areas in India. (Answer in 250 words)

Introduction

As per census Indo has more than 3 crore migrants. 80% migration of women happens because of marriage. Migration of women's multiple socio economic impacts.

25 words

Main Body

Positive Transformations: (1) Labour force participation increased to 42% as per PLFC; (2) Autonomy - Migrant women enjoy autonomy and able to exercise her agency, leading to economic independence; (3) Rising education - Higher education system showing gender parity index above 1; (4) Reduce patriarchal norms - Women able to obtain independent status; (5) Reducing child marriage - Delay marriages and love marriages on rise; (6) Institutional care - Rise in creche system, old age homes in cities; (7) Reducing impact of traditional keepers such as Khap Panchayats. Negative Impacts: (1) Violence against women in cities, as per NCRB data 4,569 cases in FY23; (2) Dual Burden - Work and care work in cities; (3) Limited social support - Women in cities lack support of parent and community.

Continuation: Measures to be taken include: (1) Recognition, Reward, Reduce care work; (2) Infrastructure - Hostels, creche; (3) Protection - Police reforms, judicial reform; (4) Sensitization - To end discrimination, e.g. Beti Bachao Beti Padho scheme.

— Jayant Agarwal · AIR 64

164 words1 paragraphs

Conclusion

Due to migration to cities, women are able to exercise their agency. However still reforms are required to promote women led development and ensure their security.

26 words

Directly addresses the question on women's migration
Specific data provided (80% marriage-related, 3 crore migrants, PLFC 42%, NCRB 4,569 cases)
Balanced presentation of positive and negative impacts
Clear policy measures mentioned
Reference to institutional mechanisms (creche, hostels)
Gender parity index reference shows data-driven approach

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Jayant Agarwal

AIR 64

Subject & Paper

GS2GS1

Topic

Society and Social Issues

Role of Women and Women's Organization

Migration and Women's Socio-economic Transformation

Writing Stats

215

Total words

Paragraphs

Linked PYQ

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