CJ

Chandana JahnaviAIR 50

Question 14How...affect...implicationsGS1GS1

How does temperature inversion affect atmospheric conditions and what are its implications for local weather patterns and air pollution levels?

Open scan (p.35)

Introduction

Temperature INVERSION refers to change in temperature at surface with cooler air and warmer air above it, which is different from NORMAL lapse rate.

24 words

Main Body

Fig: Temp INVERSION diagram showing warmer air in Troposphere, colder air near surface, indicating the temperature inversion zone. FACTORS CAUSING Temperature INVERSION: LONG night, no wind horizontally, Snow covered surface, CLOUDY sky, lack of any wind shear, stable temperature.

IMPACT OF TEMPERATURE INVERSION: 1. it creates COLD air surface Contact leading to FALL in temperature of COLD waves. 2. it leads to FOG formation and impacts VISIBILITY ex: Punjab during Winter. 3. makes LOW slopes temperature vulnerable while HIGH slopes have warm air ex: APPLE on high slopes to avoid frost in Himachal. 4. it impacts LOCAL micro climate ex: no wind movement. 5. INTENSIFICATION of Winter with drizzle [light precipitation] ex: Rabi crop rains in North INDIA. 6. Also, limits SOLAR insolation due to CLOUDS.

IMPLICATION for LOCAL WEATHER PATTERN: 1. lower drop in Temperature; 2. Impact WIND and AIR movement; 3. unseasonal rains; 4. Creates FOG conditions. It IMPACTS POLLUTION: 1. formation of STAGNANT air leads to CONCENTRATION of particulates ex: Delhi - PM2.5 concentration in winter. 2. it INTENSIFIES SMOG formation. 3. POSSIBLE Acid rain. 4. Creates Breathing HAZARD as per Lancet: 2 million deaths due to AIR pollution.

— Chandana Jahnavi · AIR 50

192 words1 paragraphs

Conclusion

Hence studies on temperature inversion, SMOG TOWER, monitoring via NCAP are needed for strengthening AIR QUALITY in major cities.

19 words

Diagram

A graph showing atmospheric layers with warmer air in troposphere above and colder air near surface, marking the temperature inversion zone with a peak/valley shape indicating change from normal lapse rate.

  • Clear scientific diagram of temperature inversion
  • Good listing of causative factors
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Chandana Jahnavi

AIR 50

Subject & Paper

GS1GS1

Topic

Important Geophysical Phenomena such as earthquakes, Tsunami, Volcanic activity, cyclone etc., geographical features and their location-changes in critical geographical features (including water-bodies and ice-caps) and in flora and fauna and the effects of such changes.

Temperature Inversion

Factors causing temperature inversion

Writing Stats

235

Total words

1

Paragraphs

analytical

Tone

Linked PYQ

With multipronged strategy of the Central and State Governments specially in the last few years, the naxalite problem has been resolved to a large extent in the affected states of the country. However, there are a few pockets in certain states where naxalite problem still persists, mainly due to involvement of foreign countries. Rohit is posted as SP (Special Operations) for the last one year, in one of the districts which is still affected by the naxalite problem. The district administration has taken a lot of developmental works in the recent past in the naxalite affected areas to win the hearts and minds of the people. Over a period of time, Rohit has established an excellent intelligence network to get the real time information regarding the movement of naxalite cadre. To instill confidence in the public and have moral ascendancy over the naxalites, a number of cordons and search operations are being conducted by the police. Rohit, who himself was leading one of the contingents got a message though his intelligence source that about ten hard core naxalites were hiding in a particular village with sophisticated weapons. Without wasting any time, Rohit reached the target village with his team and laid out a foolproof cordon and started carrying out a systematic search. During the search, his team managed to overpower all the naxalites along with their automatic weapons. However, in the meantime, more than five hundred tribal women surrounded the village and started marching towards the target house. They were shouting and demanding the immediate release of insurgents since they are their protectors and saviours. The situation on the ground was becoming very critical as the tribal women were extremely agitated and aggressive. Rohit tried to contact his superior officer, IG (Special Operations) of the state on the radio set and on mobile phone, but failed to do so due to poor connectivity Rohit was in great dilemma since out of the naxalites apprehended, two were not only hard core top insurgents with prize money of & ten lakhs on their heads, but were also involved in a recent ambush on the security forces. However, if he did not release the naxalites, the situation could get out of control since the tribal women were aggressively charging towards them. In that case, to control the situation Rohit might have to resort to firing which may lead to valuable loss of lives _of civilians and would further complicate the situation. (a)What are the options available with Rohit to cope with the situation? (b)What are the ethical dilemmas being faced by Rohit ? (c)Which of the options, do you think, would be more appropriate for Rohit to adopt and why? (d)In the present situation, what are the extra precautionary measures to be taken by the police in dealing with women protesters?

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