PJ

Prateek JoshiAIR 196· 2024

Question Q11DiscussGS1GS1

Bhakti Movement refers to 10th century renaissance that started in Southern India, based on direct devotion & reverence of god. Discuss how it questioned the social order.

Open scan (p.26)

Introduction

Bhakti Movement refers to 10th century renaissance that started in Southern India, based on direct devotion & reverence of god.

20 words

Main Body

Questioning Social Order

1Rise against ritualism propagated by upper castes.
2Disregarded idea of 'middlemen' in path to salvation.
3Based on ideas of equality & liberty.

Ex: Guru Nanak's Teachings against Untouchability

4Allowed women to participate equally with men.

Ex: Mirabai as pioneer.

5Turned idea of religion into a spiritual experience through fables

Ex: Kabir's Dohe.

Substantial Development of Literature

1Nayanars saints developed Tevaram as Dravida Veda.
2Basavanna's focus on Kannada literature as basis for Lingayatism.
3Guru Nanak's development of syncretic learnings in form of Guru Granth Sahib.
4Tulsidas' work of Ramcharitmanas as a moral code for rulers.
5Shankardeva in Assam, led to developing of Assamese literature
6Thus, Bhakti movement was not just an opposition movement but through literature, art, music developed an everlasting existence of its own.

— Prateek Joshi · AIR 196

138 words3 paragraphs

Conclusion

Thus, Bhakti movement was not just an opposition movement but through literature, art, music developed an everlasting existence of its own.

21 words

Diagram

Map of India showing locations of important Bhakti saints - Mirabai, Dadu, Rayat in Rajasthan/North region, Sant Eknath in Maharashtra, Kabir/Tulsidas in North/Central region, Namdev, Basavanna in South region.

  • Good use of diagram/map showing saints
  • Concrete examples for each point
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Topper

Prateek Joshi

AIR 1962024

Subject & Paper

GS1GS1

Topic

Art Forms, Literature and Architecture

Bhakti Sufi

Bhakti Movement - Social Reform

Writing Stats

179

Total words

3

Paragraphs

analytical

Tone

Linked PYQ

Sivakasi in Tamil Nadu is known for its manufacturing clusters on firecrackers and matches. The local economy of the area is largely dependent on firecrackers industry. It has led to tangible economic development and improved standard of living in the area. So far as child labour norms for hazardous industries like firecrackers industry are concerned, International Labour Organization (ILO) has set the minimum age as 18 years. In India, however, this age is 14 years. The units in industrial clusters of firecrackers can be classified into registered and non-registered entities. One typical unit is household-based work. Though the law is clear on the use of child labour employment norms in registered/non-registered units, it does not include household-based works. Household-based work means children working under the supervision of their parents/relatives. To evade child labour norms, several units project themselves as household-based works but employ children from outside. Needless to say that employing children saves the costs for these units leading to higher profits to the owners. On your visit to one of the units at Sivakasi, the owner takes you around the unit which has about 10-15 children below 14 years of age. The owner tells you that in his household-based unit, the children are all his relatives. You notice that several children smirk, when the owner tells you this. On deeper enquiry, you figure out that neither the owner nor the children are able to satisfactorily establish their relationship with each other. Bring out and discuss the ethical issues involved in the above case. What would be your reaction after your above visit?

25M2013Discuss