Question 1Answer in 150 words, 10 marksGS1GS1
Discuss the causes of tsunamis and their impact on coastal areas. What measures can be taken to mitigate the impact of tsunamis?
Introduction
Tsunamis refer to the vertical displacement of water, generating enormous sea waves (50m) high, due to shifting or displacement of ocean and causes of tsunami
25 words
Main Body
1Underwater earthquake - 6.5 magnitude seismic waves generate tsunami waves.
2Landslide - loaded debris causes momentum of ocean water.
3Crater impact - fall of huge meteors/meteorites into ocean where eg: scientists predict that if a 10km diameter object falls into Pacific Ocean, tsunami will engulf entire California & Mexico.
Impact on coastal areas:
1Generation of tsunami waves => waves 50m high can engulf entire coastal cities like Mumbai & Chennai
(A) Ocean surges - due to horizontal displacement of ocean water.
(B) Coastal erosion - mangroves & wetlands can be destroyed.
(C) Power outages & fires - due to inundation of water.
(D) Water borne diseases - seeding water can become a breeding ground of mosquitoes & various vector diseases.
Mitigation measures:
1Early warning systems → for proper awareness & evacuation.
2Shelter homes on high ground - to ensure immediate relief.
3Embankment of mangroves & wetlands - act as shock absorbers in coastal areas used.
4Checks on seaward encroachment of infrastructure.
5Frequent evacuation drills to safety risks should be prepared.
Therefore, tsunamis are natural disasters, but through various structural & non-structural measures, it can be mitigated.
— Ritika Chitlangia
195 words1 paragraphs
Conclusion
Therefore, tsunamis are natural disasters, but through various structural & non-structural measures, it can be mitigated.
16 words
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Topper
Ritika Chitlangia
Subject & Paper
GS1GS1
Topic
Salient features of World's Physical Geography
Important Geophysical Phenomena such as earthquakes, Tsunami, Volcanic activity, cyclone etc.
Writing Stats
236
Total words
1
Paragraphs
technical and explanatory
Tone