दुर्लभ मृदा तत्त्वों (रेयर अर्थ एलिमेंट्स) की बढ़ती माँग के साथ, उनका भौगोलिक वितरण विश्व अर्थव्यवस्था का एक महत्वपूर्ण पहलू बन गया है। दुर्लभ मृदा तत्त्वों का वितरण, उनके उपयोग और उनके निष्कर्षण के पर्यावरणीय प्रभावों पर चर्चा कीजिए। (250 शब्दों में उत्तर देते हुए) 15 अंक With the growing demand for rare earth elements, their distribution has become a critical aspect of the global economy. Discuss the distribution of rare earth elements across the world, their uses, and the environmental impact of their extraction. (Answer in 250 words) 15 Marks
Introduction
24 words
Main Body
DISTRIBUTION OF RARE EARTH METALS
[Diagram showing world map with locations marked: Nickel, Cobalt, and Lithium]
Rare Earth metals like Nickel and Cobalt are found in South American countries like Bolivia, Peru and Argentina
Lithium is abundantly found in Australia
Recently, Lithium has been discovered in J&K, India
China also has reserves of rare earth metals
USES OF RARE EARTH METALS:
[Diagram showing uses radiating from central circle labeled "USES OF RARE EARTH METALS"]
In semiconductor (chips)
In electronic items
In airlines
In railways
In smartphones
In electric vehicles
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF EXTRACTION:
Mining requires huge amount of leachate. This leads to water scarcity.
Dust pollution also happens due to mining.
Land degradation and soil quality degrades due to mining.
Air pollution due to use of mining vehicles
Habitat of flora and fauna gets disturbed, causing imbalance in the environmental ecosystems.
— Ruhani · AIR 5
Conclusion
12 words
Diagram
World map showing distribution of rare earth metals including Nickel, Cobalt (found in South America), and Lithium (found in Australia and discovered in J&K, India)
- Clear identification of major rare earth metal sources
- Specific geographical references
- Relevant examples of applications
Ruhani
Distribution of Key Natural Resources across the world
Rare Earth Elements
Distribution and extraction of rare earth metals
192
Total words
7
Paragraphs
Formal analytical
Tone