Question 2GS1GS1

How did England's Industrial Revolution not only transform the economic landscape but also had far-reaching social and cultural impacts? Discuss.

Main Body

Industrial Revolution in England from 1760s:

Show a massive shift in production method with development of factories and urban center of production like Manchester, Yorkshire etc.

Economic Impact:

Made England the major economy in the world with industrialization

led to development of mercantile capitalism

England became the export hub for the world (and especially for colonies in Americas, Africa and Asia (eg: India))

Social Impact:

led to huge inequality in touches with development of industrialist capitalist class and working class (with long hours & low wages)

Urban centers saw huge influx of migrants with poor infrastructure development and emergence of slums

Diseases like plague, cholera became common with poor insanitary working conditions & living conditions

Child labour became prominent

Economic development led to positive cycle of development of other sectors like shipbuilding industry (contributing to colonialism & eventually imperialism with building of navy)

Cultural Impact:

Emergence of ideas like Luddite movement and eventually communism and socialism

Consumer culture saw huge boost with slow regard for environment

Urban culture without feudalism was promoted (although new form of working class emerged)

Thus, it had far-reaching effects not only for England but for whole world especially India. Early nationalists called it through 'draining wealth' theory.

Even today as world industrializes under IPU O we can find huge changes & effects while calls for policy change that in inclusive (while clearing from Britain's mistakes).

— Shoham Teberiwal · AIR 77

240 words5 paragraphs10 bullet points

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Topper

Shoham Teberiwal

AIR 772023

Subject & Paper

GS1GS1

Topic

History of the World

Industrial Revolution

Industrial Revolution in England

Writing Stats

240

Total words

Paragraphs

Bullets

analytical

Tone

Linked PYQ

As a senior officer in the Ministry, you have access to important policy decisions and upcoming big announcements such as road construction projects before they are notified in the public domain. The Ministry is about to announce a mega road project for which the drawings are already in place. Sufficient care was taken by the planners to make use of the government land with the minimum land acquisition from private parties. The compensation rate for private parties was also finalized as per government rules. Care was also taken to minimize deforestation. Once the project is announced, it is expected that there will be a huge spurt in real estate prices in and around that area. Meanwhile, the Minister concerned insists that you realign the road in such a way that it comes closer to his 20-acre farmhouse. He also suggests that he would facilitate the purchase of a big plot of land in your wife’s name at the prevailing rate which is very nominal, in and around the proposed mega road project. He also tries to convince you by saying that there is no harm in it as he is buying the land legally. He even promises to supplement your savings in case you do not have sufficient funds to buy the land. However, by the act of realignment, a lot of agricultural lands has to be acquired, thereby causing a considerable financial burden on the government, and also the displacement of the farmers. As if this is not enough, it will involve cutting down of a large number of trees denuding the area of its green cover. Faced with this situation, what will you do? Critically examine various conflicts of interest and explain what your responsibilities are as a public servant.

20M2018Critically examine