A2

AIR 27AIR 27· 2025

Question 20ExamineGS2GS2

Growing isolation of Russia creates great stress on India-Russia relations and affects the balance of power in Eurasia. Examine.

Open scan (p.51)

Introduction

Due to Ukraine conflict and cold war 2.0, West has sanctioned Russia with more than 20 thousand sanctions making it isolated.

21 words

Main Body

Isolation of Russia & its impact on India-Russia relations:

1Pressure from west on India to comply with sanctions & reduce oil imports.
2Russia's increasing dependence on China which is a strategic competitor of India in the region.
3Impact on India-US relations due to India's engagement with Russia e.g. during recent PM Modi's visit, US criticised it heavily.
4Formation of 'blocs' and 'axis' in world were NATO vs alliance

of China, Iran, Russia & North Korea.

5Recent Russia-North Korea defence pact.
6Difficult for India to participate in platforms like SCO, BRICS, RIC which are platforms to engage with Russia.
7Reducing arms import from Russia e.g. SIPRI report - India's arms import from Russia came down to 36%.

Effect on Balance of Power in Eurasia:

1Formation of axis & bloc politics - NATO's expansion in Indo Pacific e.g. office in Japan.
2Stress on multilateralism where Russia & China are promoting SCO, BRICS etc. in place of UN.
3Proxy wars between east and west e.g. in Myanmar and recently in Bangladesh.
4Formation of regional bodies like Quad, Squad, AUKUS and the reactions from China & Russia.
5Risk of Nuclear proliferation e.g. Russia-North Korea defence pact.
6Makes non alignment tougher for countries like India.

Way Ahead:

1India's stance for dialogue & diplomacy.
2Reformed & Effective Multilateralism - PM Modi at G20.
3'Not an era of war' but an era of development.
4Non alignment 2.0 where India uses multiple alignment & strategic autonomy.

In this world of conflict, India has to assume the role of 'Vishwaguru', 'Vishwamitra' to end conflict & establish peace.

— AIR 27 · AIR 27

275 words4 paragraphs

Conclusion

In this world of conflict, India has to assume the role of 'Vishwaguru', 'Vishwamitra' to end conflict & establish peace.

20 words

  • Uses recent current affairs like PM Modi's Russia visit
  • Covers multiple dimensions - India-Russia, India-US, global blocs
  • Uses statistical data from SIPRI
  • Multi-dimensional analysis of balance of power
  • Strong conceptual conclusion invoking India's global role
  • Uses PM Modi's quotes effectively
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Topper

AIR 27

AIR 272025

Subject & Paper

GS2GS2

Topic

Effect of Policies of Developed/Developing Countries and Indian Diaspora

International Relations

India-Russia Relations and Global Balance of Power

Writing Stats

316

Total words

4

Paragraphs

analytical

Tone

Linked PYQ

With multipronged strategy of the Central and State Governments specially in the last few years, the naxalite problem has been resolved to a large extent in the affected states of the country. However, there are a few pockets in certain states where naxalite problem still persists, mainly due to involvement of foreign countries. Rohit is posted as SP (Special Operations) for the last one year, in one of the districts which is still affected by the naxalite problem. The district administration has taken a lot of developmental works in the recent past in the naxalite affected areas to win the hearts and minds of the people. Over a period of time, Rohit has established an excellent intelligence network to get the real time information regarding the movement of naxalite cadre. To instill confidence in the public and have moral ascendancy over the naxalites, a number of cordons and search operations are being conducted by the police. Rohit, who himself was leading one of the contingents got a message though his intelligence source that about ten hard core naxalites were hiding in a particular village with sophisticated weapons. Without wasting any time, Rohit reached the target village with his team and laid out a foolproof cordon and started carrying out a systematic search. During the search, his team managed to overpower all the naxalites along with their automatic weapons. However, in the meantime, more than five hundred tribal women surrounded the village and started marching towards the target house. They were shouting and demanding the immediate release of insurgents since they are their protectors and saviours. The situation on the ground was becoming very critical as the tribal women were extremely agitated and aggressive. Rohit tried to contact his superior officer, IG (Special Operations) of the state on the radio set and on mobile phone, but failed to do so due to poor connectivity Rohit was in great dilemma since out of the naxalites apprehended, two were not only hard core top insurgents with prize money of & ten lakhs on their heads, but were also involved in a recent ambush on the security forces. However, if he did not release the naxalites, the situation could get out of control since the tribal women were aggressively charging towards them. In that case, to control the situation Rohit might have to resort to firing which may lead to valuable loss of lives _of civilians and would further complicate the situation. (a)What are the options available with Rohit to cope with the situation? (b)What are the ethical dilemmas being faced by Rohit ? (c)Which of the options, do you think, would be more appropriate for Rohit to adopt and why? (d)In the present situation, what are the extra precautionary measures to be taken by the police in dealing with women protesters?

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