Why does the North East remain a hotbed of insurgency? With special emphasis on government measures, discuss the steps to ameliorate the situation.

While MHA data says that insurgency in North east has reduced by 70% and civilian deaths by 99% since 2014, the Marques viewed it as a grim reminder of the region's volatility.

Reasons for North East's Insurgency

① Ethnic rivalries - Create ethnic security dilemma [By crowning violet of Hetiei vocates insecurity in Kuki-Nagas due to perception of weak state]

② Social tragedies - Gross border linkage of communities (Eg Kuki-Chin-32) creates spillover insurgency (Eg Tinta takeover)

③ Migration and demographic changes

④ Insurgency in Assam is due to belief of dwindling demography (Eg Indigenous vs Bengali Muslim)

⑤ Alienation with Indian Identity - North East is not integrated fully leading to alienation (Eg Desire for Nagaim → separate flag and institution)

⑥ Tribalization fueling - This wrestles in vs them conflict [Eg Kuki-Mester conflict]

⑦ Unaccommodative demand [Eg greater Nagaim → separate flag and institution]

⑧ Failure of peace talks to reach consensus (Eg Naga talks)

⑨ Lack of democratic decentralization

Steps to Ameliorate and Govt Measures [Government Pleasure]

① AFSPA for disturbed areas and removal where peace there is

② Peace Accords (Eg Bodo Accords and Suspension of Operations agreement)

③ Central Govt being invoked to reduce trust deficit

④ Increase funds (Budget 2023 → From 2300 cr → 5000 crore)

Steps needed to Ameliorate

① Power sharing (Eg Begum example) - Power should be distributed between different ethic groups

② Democratic decentralization - Working of both Schedule and autonomous council

③ Rehabilitation focus for youth

④ Better border management to reduce infiltration, and stepping chinese supply

⑤ North East is an integral part of India. Increased spread of North East culture can lead to better development of composite identity in hearts & minds of corporate identity in Braats & minds

— AKANSH DHULL · AIR 3