103वां संविधान संशोधन अधिनियम, 2019 ने भारत में आरक्षण कार्यों के सिद्धांत को एक नया आयाम दिया है। सामाजिक न्याय के व्यापक लक्ष्य के लिए इसके निहितार्थों का समीक्षात्मक परीक्षण कीजिए। (उत्तर 250 शब्दों में दीजिए) The 103rd Constitutional Amendment Act, 2019 has introduced a new dimension to the principle of affirmative action in India. Critically examine its implications for the broader goal of social justice. (Answer in 250 words)

[103rd Constitutional amendment act introduced reservations for "economically backward cases" for those with weak economic standing in society. Mandate Article 29 (C) and (C) (5 access to resources by all. Article-14 and Article-15: equal opportunity and rights. Duty to welfarism (Article 38) 103rd amendment made offer materialized - (A) Based on monetary basis - not social-backwardness (O) Strain shift from social empowerment to economic [empowerment]

[Implications on social justice] Passive (1) Reduce the attachment to archaic CGSP/st and make reservation based an class (2) Reservation - leads to Bottom [up approach] in empowerment (3) NameBy reservation 'Right based and [objective] (4) Inclusive governance model (NITI aayog @75 vision) (5) Multiplier effect on social Plurosity and economic [poverty reduction] [SDGT] Lacunas in reservation (A) Classification ambiguous - 3 blakh limit - objective (B) Danger of beneficiary exclusion S cauteled income dates and criteria (3) Overlapping - with SE/ST/women (4) against the proportionate principle - breach [50% limit] Supply alone - participation of Offermen.ent [Social Justice] is not achieved solely by policy - but with an inclusive [precept] of participation and empowerment

Lacunas in reservation (A) Classification ambiguous - 3 blakh limit - objective (B) Danger of beneficiary exclusion S cauteled income dates and criteria (3) Overlapping - with SE/ST/women (4) against the proportionate principle - breach [50% limit] Sunset law is reservation policy Focusing on Article 13 - Capacity Development [Social Justice is not achieved solely by policy - but with an inclusive [precept] of participation and empowerment.

— DEEKSHA CHOURASIYA · AIR 44