ई-गवर्नेंस में अंतरचालनीयता (इंटरऑपरेबिलिटी) से आप क्या समझते हैं? विभिन्न ई-गवर्नेंस प्रणालियों की अंतरसंचालनीयता एवं एकीकरण सुनिश्चित करने के लिए सरकार द्वारा क्या कदम उठाए गए हैं? (उत्तर 250 शब्दों में दीजिए) / What do you understand by interoperability in e-governance? What steps have been taken by the government to ensure interoperability and integration of various e-governance systems? (Answer in 250 words)

According to UNDP → E-governance is the use of electronic means by a government authority for basic service delivery to the people and stakeholders. B2C and G2B, B2C, G2G (various mode) ↔ E-GOV → citizen centric, service delivering, ease of living, SMART governance ↓↓↓↓↓ Sensitive, Alert, mobile, Responsive, Targeted. i) Multiple access of a single government e-service by various stakeholder by Basti Shekti → used for project mapping, resource allocation, transparency and inform the stakeholder of future needs.

Steps by government for interoperability and integration → i) Digital India Stack has made integration of various service in it → Identity (Aadhar), Finance (UPI), Governance (PRAGATI). ii) Grievance redressal API created that are interoperable by AARRYS CLAXRMS portal. iii) OpenSource Stack so that companies/startups can leverage the technology and create user-centric apps by ONDC (Open network for digital commerce). iv) PFMS system → Public financial management system has integration of financial series like allocating, reporting, taxing framework. v) Made application on modern interface so they can be interoperable on multiple device like mobile, desktop by mygov.in → for communication and grievances. vi) Payment systems like AELR (Aadhar enabled payment system) and UPI integrated with banking, ecommerce, service delivery, DBT (Direct benefit transfer) remittances and using foreign countries by Nepal, UAE, Singapore. Challenges → i) Cybersecurity issue → Data management and privacy. ii) Digital literacy (Rural-urban divide). iii) Digital infrastructure not upto mark level. Need to create capacity in eGov and Digital India Act, Data protection Act and India Stack will lead India into global digital era.

vi) Payment systems like AELR (Aadhar enabled payment system) and UPI integrated with banking, ecommerce, service delivery, DBT (Direct benefit transfer) remittances and using foreign countries by Nepal, UAE, Singapore. vii) Challenges → i) Cybersecurity issue → Data management and privacy. ii) Digital literacy (Rural-urban divide). iii) Digital infrastructure not upto mark level. Need to create capacity in eGov and Digital India Act, Data protection Act and India Stack will lead India into global digital era.

— Nisar Dishant Amrutlal · AIR 19