The 103rd Constitutional Amendment Act, 2019 has introduced a new dimension to the principle of affirmative action in India. Critically examine its implications for the broader goal of social justice. (Answer in 250 words)

Introduces a New Dimension: 1) Earlier Status limited to social backwardness → SC, ST, OBC. 2) Introduced economic status as a determinant for backwardness. 3) Provides an avenue for earlier included sections.

Positive Implications: 1) Promotes substantive equality by incorporating hitherto live behind. 2) Aids in poverty elimination via 11.7% are still multidimensionally poor. 3) upholds True Justice as expounded by Preamble → Social, economic. 4) Adheres to Welfare Policy as articulated in DPSP Article-38. 5) In line with Gandhi's Talisman → welfare of most backward. 6) Sense of satisfaction who felt alienated by greater SC/ST reservation. Yet Challenges:

— Rasneet Kaur · AIR 51