Question 16GS2GS2

Self-Help Groups (SHGs) are emerging as vehicles of socio-economic transformation in rural India. Examine the role of government in scaling their reach and effectiveness.

Introduction

Self Help Groups are informal associations of members (usually less than 50) from similar socio-economic background who come together to achieve collective interest and improve standard of living. For example, Kudumbashree Kerala

32 words

Main Body

Vehicles of Socio-Economic Transformation in Rural India: i Financial Inclusion and inculates Savings Habit R Approx to bank account under NABARD programs ii Women Empowerment R 99% of SHGs owned by women iii Boost Rural Economy by improving livelihoods R CEI: 65% rise income of women alive to SHG iv Aarti Livelihoods UCA scheme participation R National Rural Diwelihood Mission v Crisis Management R Patalon Diarists of Jharkhand during COVID-19 vi Capacity Building and Skilling R Amazon Savel program cuing with Kudumbashree

Role of Government in Scaling Their Reach and Effectiveness: i SHG-Bank Linkage program to increase credit access ii Community Investment Fund CIF dedicated mechanism for grassroot empowerment iii Promotion of SHGs as one of Goals Saptarshi under Budget 2023 iv Panchsuta Principles R Regular meetings, Region Savings

v Grain Storage schemes with help of SHGs R Initiatives like Takhpath Didi to ensure 1 women from each Dalit household is part of SHG Challenges: A Rise of Fraud i Conservative (90% owned by women), ii Shared Concentration (more than 51% from certain states), iii Poor economies of scale B Product Selection mechanisms during credit disbusal, i Continued Government Support as form of credit, ii Collaboration with Panchayat bodies for higher efficacy, iii Marketing SMEs to increase price realization SHG can act as Vehicle of nation building via grassroot development and Inclusive Growth.

— Monika Srivastava · AIR 16

223 words1 paragraphs

Conclusion

SHG can act as Vehicle of nation building via grassroot development and Inclusive Growth.

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Monika Srivastava

AIR 16

Subject & Paper

GS2GS2

Topic

Development Processes - Role of NGOs, SHGs, Donors and other Stakeholders

SHGs and Community Development

SHGs as Vehicles of Socio-Economic Transformation

Writing Stats

269

Total words

Paragraphs

analytical

Tone

Linked PYQ

Ajit has been recently promoted as the Head of the Department of Weapon Sales (DWS) in the Ministry of Defence Production (MDP). His charter of duties includes international sales of weapons produced domestically by MDP. In two recent wars, MDP weapons have performed admirably, resulting in many countries showing interest in buying them, particularly long-range artillery and missiles. Country A and country B have asked for these weapons. However, production constraints restrict DWS to accept only one purchase order. Country A is a developing nation with a sound technology base. MDP is planning R&D collaboration with it for the next generation of weapons. It is not part of any security alliance and needs weapons for protection from a troublesome neighbour. It seeks a large acquisition on a long-term loan. Country B is also a developing nation. Military strength is its priority, with the military budget often ingressing into allocations for human resources and infrastructure development. It is in security alliance with a superpower who has a large military base there and periodically allots it financial grants. It is a member of an economic bloc with which the government is currently negotiating a free trade agreement. It is not a signatory of NPT but possesses smaller nuclear weapons and delivery systems. It supports some guerrilla forces abroad. It has sought a smaller acquisition and is prepared to make some advance payment. It is currently negotiating arms purchases from another nation too. Ajit discussed this case with his counterparts in the related departments. Therein, the significant economic benefits, employment generation and stronger diplomatic relations arising from this sale were highlighted. It was also emphasized that refusing the deal could result in country B purchasing weapons from some other supplier. Ajit was aware that in arms sales, due diligence at each stage was pivotal to ensure conformity to national policy and international treaties. (a) Discuss the options available to Ajit. Which option should he select and why? (b) How can Ajit balance nation's economic and strategic interests with ethical considerations?

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