Instability in its neighbourhood combined with displacement and humanitarian crisis don't augur well for India's interest in the region. Elucidate.

Instability in India's Neighbourhood: (1) Pakistan - Polycrisis: Political instability (Imran militant rule), Popular opposition against government and military, Militancy & Economic Instability (2) Afghanistan - Talibani led region with instability from Taliban, Tajikistan (Tajikistan led region), Nepal, Pakistan, Bangladesh - Economic Meltdown (3) Sri Lanka - Food insecurity & economic meltdown Issues in Neighbourhood: (1) Sri Lanka - Flood insecurity + economic meltdown (2) Nepal - Cartographic aggression - Kalapani + Madheshism + China dependency (3) Bhutan - Policestandoff (4) [illegible] Talibani take over (5) Myanmar - Junta group → CREG

Combined Instability leading to displacement and humanitarian issue not auguring India interest: Instability and effect on India: (1) Displacement + Humanitarian crisis: i Breach security - due to porous borders migrate infiltrating into India b Rohingya - Flood due to persecution settling down in Jammu and delhi region, Ideologies of Radicalization by illegal migrant - endangers Internal security c Some Behingyas are linked to ISIS group iii India cannot afford due to poor Infrastructure and limited resources (Overburdened by migrant) - India's Infrastructure already stretched. iv Son of Soil + Regionalism - Migrant auser demography of destination region a Assam - Bengali speaker now around 40% - leading to Relative deprivation among finalists and Strengthen Regionalism

v Spillover effect on India - For ICT humanitarian issues in Sri Lanka way strengthen LTTE group vi Bad image for India: as it is the largest democracy - turning blind eye to neighbor issue Put India in bad image vii Affects Bilateral Relations: - Between neighborhood countries b Issue of Illegal migrants b/w India Bangladesh and India-myanmar viii Hide out in India - against Neighbours: Way forward - (1) India is male - Buyral doctrine - aiding Neighbours without Reciprocity (2) Capacity building and Infrastructure development (3) Aid diplomacy b ISD to Sri Lanka by India (4) Bilateral Settlement wrt refugee Crisis (5) Proper Borders management To Further Integrate South Asia For India's Interest should Focus on SDI's - Rectification Unresolved conflict, Unsettled Borders and Untapped opportunities.

— MUTHUARASI M · AIR 225