Article 21 of Indian Constitution provides for Right to life and personal liberty when has expanded due to court interpretation.
Main Body
Expansion of Article 21: A) Scope of Article has expanded - A.K. Gopalan case → Maneka Gandhi case Only as per procedure established by law. Now, Due process of law thus even curt legislative arbitration B) Environmental Expansion: In M.K. Ranjit case, 2024, Supreme Court provided for relief against effect of climate change.
C) Right to Education under Article 21A of Indian Constitution from Article 46 DPSP. D) Right to Privacy (Puttaswamy Judgment) to follow intra of proportionality in curtailing privacy. E) Right to choose partner under Right to Life as per Hadiya case. F) Alega Telli case provided for right to livelihood for all. Thus, CJI handcrafted Indian Constitution as a transformative document with scope of expansionism as need of society.
— Mansi Singh · AIR 126
Conclusion
16 words
Mansi Singh
Indian Constitution - Historical Underpinnings, Evolution, Features, Amendments, Significant Provisions and Basic Structure
Right to Privacy and Article 21
Expansion of Article 21
138
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1
Paragraphs
formal and analytical
Tone