Waste circularity is emerging as a sustainable solution to India's mounting solid waste crisis. Discuss the key principles and the government's initiatives in this regard. How effective have these measures been in fostering a circular economy?

According to WEF, India is good argument solid waste generation country but only 27% of solid waste is processed and recycled CEPCs calls for adopting solid waste circular economy model. Waste circularity elements: - REUSE → manufacturing & Remanufacturing - WASTE CYCLING → use and value - Recycling → recovery of waste → segregation & recovery infrastructure Key principles of waste circularity: I Manufacturing principle - responsible for manufacture to extend lifestyle and make sustainable product

II REUSE - continuous use-reuse cycle to maximize capacity or electronics 4+1 life - second hand use III RECOVERY - instead of dumping at sites, recovery for better purpose eg Japan's waste circularity - earn money from recovered metals A RECYCLE - processing and recycling of solid waste (+) waste to energy plant Delhi Gov't measures and effectiveness: (3) Solid waste management Rules 2016 → helped to create formed supply chain from segregation to recycling and reuse (0) put institutional responsibility and solid waste management governance (2) EPR regulation and update - impost responsibility on all stakeholders and

set example for circular economy ex EPA performance was awarded in Pune Metro city (3) waste to energy plant - NITI Aayog estimated 5000 MW capacity L Metropolitan areas - using waste to energy plant (3) Global partnership for circular economy at G-20 level Challenges: - Unorganized sector dominance - 80% in solid waste management (1) Faulty implementation of EPR (2) Limited capacity and technology for circular economy There is a need to update solid waste management rules to align with circular economy principles.

— Vipulbhai Karmanbhai Chaudhary · AIR 115