Question Q19GS3GS3

What are the determinants of insurgency in the north-eastern region of India? What strategy should the Government of India, civil administration and security forces adopt to counter the affected areas?

Main Body

North Eastern Region of India NER is the gateway to South East Asia and strategically and culturally integral to its development vision. Influency in the region: ULFA Assam diagram showing: - ULFA Assam - China → Cartographic nonsignificant advantage, AFSPA - NSCN JM Nagaland - Kuki & Meitei Manipur - Infiltration through Bangladesh Fig. North Eastern Region - ongoing issues. There are many determinants of insurgency in the region.

Determinants of insurgency: (1) Historical: • British policy of alienation • Criminal Tribes Act • Tea planters exploitation (2) Developmental deficit: • Low penetration of service delivery • Low connectivity (chicken neck/Siliguri) (3) Role of external states: • China → Arunachal Pradesh • Bangladesh → Lowered ULFA entry • Myanmar → early free movement regime (4) Ethnic striation: • Kuki vs Meitei • Naga vs Boro etc (5) Evolving threats: • Cyberattacks, difficult terrain • UAV usage for drug smuggling (6) Proximity to golden triangle - drug trafficking Myanmar Strategy to counter the threat: (1) Governmental India: • Agreements (Bru Reang, Karbi Anglong) • Border dispute resolution (Namul declaration) • International collaboration (Bangladesh, Bhutan) (2) Civil administration: • Service delivery • Efficient PESA act, FRA style • Litter tribal council to be efficient (3) Security forces: • Hard power → counter insurgency (PAOG SF) • Soft power → to ensure goodwill • Operation Bad Bhakra In this way a combination of LOMHDHM strategy along with Mind to be used for insurgency solution.

— Ayush Pathak · AIR 215

241 words1 paragraphs

Conclusion

In this way a combination of LOMHDHM strategy along with Mind to be used for insurgency solution.

17 words

Diagram

Map showing ULFA in Assam, NSCN (JM) in Nagaland, and Kuki & Meitei in Manipur, with infiltration routes through Bangladesh

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Topper

Ayush Pathak

AIR 2152025

Subject & Paper

GS3GS3

Topic

Internal Security

LWE

North Eastern insurgency, determinants, counter-strategy

Writing Stats

258

Total words

Paragraphs

analytical

Tone

Linked PYQ

In line with the Directive Principles of State Policy, the government has a constitutional obligation to ensure basic needs — Roti, Kapda aur Makaan — for the underprivileged. The district administration proposed clearing a portion of forest land to develop housing for the homeless and economically weaker sections. The land is an ecologically sensitive zone with age-old trees, medicinal plants and vital biodiversity; the forests regulate micro-climate and rainfall, host wildlife, support soil fertility, prevent erosion and sustain tribal and nomadic livelihoods. The administration argues the initiative addresses fundamental human rights and uplifts the poor through inclusive housing; the forests have become unsafe due to wild-animal threats and human-wildlife conflict; and clearing may curb anti-social elements using the areas as hideouts. (a) Can deforestation be ethically justified in pursuit of social welfare objectives like housing for the homeless? (b) What are the socio-economic, administrative and ethical challenges in balancing environmental conservation with human development? (c) What alternatives or policy interventions can protect both environmental integrity and human dignity?

20M2025